Thermal_Cracking | Borsa Oil

"Our Thermal Cracking technology breaks down the heavy and bulky molecular chains within the waste using high heat, converting them into light, fluid, and high-energy valuable fuels."

Support Oil Tech – Thermal Cracking Unit Overview

System Objective To transform heavy, hard-to-process refinery bottom wastes (Vacuum Residue / Heavy Fuel Oil) with low commercial value into high-economic-value 2nd Grade Diesel fuel.

Operating Principle Contrary to common industry belief, the system does not require expensive chemical catalysts. It operates entirely on Thermal Cracking technology, physically breaking down heavy oil molecules solely under high heat and pressure without any chemical accelerators.

Main Process Steps

Product Heating Furnace: Gradually and safely heats the dense waste until it reaches the necessary molecular cracking threshold.
Thermal Cracking Reactor: The heart of the system; it breaks the long hydrocarbon chains into shorter, lighter molecules using tremendous heat and pressure within a closed environment.
Flash Evaporator: Utilizing precise pressure control, it evaporates and separates the valuable light hydrocarbons in mere seconds, while safely isolating and extracting the remaining unprocessable heavy residue from the system.

Key Advantages

Creates Value from Waste: Converts black, low-value refinery residues into a marketable, ready-to-use fuel.
Reduces Costs: Completely eliminates the need for catalysts, significantly lowering operational expenses.
Acts as a Preparation Module: Provides a robust and perfect foundation for subsequent advanced refining processes designed to further purify and upgrade the end product.

What Happens During the Thermal Cracking Process? (Molecular Transformation)

You can think of the thermal cracking process as breaking a long and heavy chain into smaller, more useful pieces. The transformation that occurs inside happens step-by-step as follows:

Long and Heavy Chains (Initial State): The refinery bottom product (Vacuum Residue) consists of massive and incredibly long hydrocarbon molecules tightly bound together. Due to the massive size of these molecules, the product is pitch-dark, heavy, and has very low fluidity (thick/highly viscous).
The Shock of Heat and Pressure: When this heavy waste is fed into the reactor and exposed to high heat (typically around 450-500°C) and pressure, a tremendous amount of energy is infused into the molecules.
Breaking the Carbon Bonds (Cracking): Unable to withstand this intense external thermal energy, the long and bulky carbon chains begin to weaken. Much like a stretched rubber band snapping, these long molecules physically break apart into shorter, smaller pieces.
Transformation into a Thin and Light Product (Result): As the giant molecules break down and shrink, the physical structure of the substance changes entirely. That thick, heavy, and seemingly useless waste loses its viscosity (resistance to flow) and becomes thinner. Consequently, it transforms into a valuable fuel (diesel/gasoil) that is lighter, much more fluid, and possesses a significantly higher combustion energy.